Professor Brigadier (R) Dr. Jawad Jalil
Recipient of National Medal Tamga -E- Imtiaz
MBBS, DCH(AFPGMI), MCPS, FCPS, MCPS-HPE, PGPN(Boston)
Classified Child Specialist
Ex. Professor. Army Medical College, Lahore.
Head Of Pediatric Department, CMH Lahore.
Ex. Professor. Army Medical College, RawalPindi.
Head Of Pediatric Department, CMH Rawalpindi.
Ex. Child Specialist Armed Forces Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Wait Time: 15 Minutes For Appointment 051-111-111-097 & 051-8465097

Neonatal disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect newborns, from infections and respiratory problems to neurological issues and genetic disorders. These disorders can be present at birth or develop shortly after, and may stem from various factors, including prematurity, infections, or genetic predispositions. Early detection and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in affected infants. 

Common Neonatal Disorders:

• Respiratory Issues:
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS): A breathing problem, especially in premature infants, caused by a lack of surfactant in the lungs. 
  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD): A chronic lung disease that can develop after RDS. 
  • Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN): A temporary breathing problem that usually resolves quickly. 
  • Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: When a baby inhales meconium (first stool) before or during birth. 
  • Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN): A condition where the baby’s blood vessels in the lungs don’t relax after birth. 
• Infections:
  • Neonatal Sepsis: A serious bloodstream infection. 
  • Congenital Infections: Infections passed from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth (e.g., Group B Streptococcus, Cytomegalovirus). 
• Neurological Conditions:
  • Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH): Bleeding in the brain’s ventricles. 
  • Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL): Damage to the white matter of the brain. 
  • Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE): Brain injury due to oxygen deprivation. 
• Gastrointestinal Issues:
  • Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC): A serious intestinal disease that can affect premature infants. 
  • Jaundice (Hyperbilirubinemia): Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to excess bilirubin. 
• Other:
  • Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar. 
  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS): Withdrawal symptoms in babies exposed to drugs in the womb. 
  • Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): A heart defect that can occur in premature infants. 
  • Congenital Heart Defects: Heart problems present at birth. 
  • Genetic Disorders: Conditions passed down from parents. 

Factors Increasing Risk: 

• Prematurity: Infants born prematurely are at higher risk for many neonatal disorders. 
• Low Birth Weight: Babies with low birth weight are also more susceptible. 
• Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR): Babies who do not grow well in the womb. 
• Maternal Infections: Infections during pregnancy can affect the baby. 
• Genetic Predisposition: Some conditions are inherited. 

Importance of Early Intervention:

Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in newborns with these conditions. Prenatal screenings, antenatal care, and education for expectant mothers can help reduce the incidence and severity of neonatal disorders. Advancements in medical technology and neonatal intensive care have also significantly improved outcomes for affected infants.